Laparoscopy, also known as minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery, is a surgical procedure that allows a surgeon to access the inside of the abdomen and pelvis without making large incisions in the skin. This technique uses a laparoscope, a long, thin tube with a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera at the front, which sends images to a video monitor. Laparoscopy has revolutionized modern surgery by allowing complex procedures to be performed with minimal invasion, leading to quicker recovery times and fewer complications compared to traditional open surgery.